Tuesday, April 1, 2008

Sjogren's Disease

Sjogren’s syndrome is a disease that affects the body’s autoimmune system. This means that this disease will cause an increase in antibodies. This increase will bring the antibodies to an abnormal level. These antibodies will then start to attack certain tissues in the body. The antibodies that are associated with this disease will begin to attack the tissues in certain glands in the body, most usually in the salivary, parotid, and, lacrimal glands. Ion 90% of cases Sjogrens disease affects mainly women. In most cases it is believed that this disease is inherited. It has also been found that people who suffer from other autoimmune diseases will be more likely to have the occurrence of Sjogrens disease in their family members. Other common autoimmune diseases are lupus, erythematosus, and juvenile diabetes.
Symptoms of Sjogrens disease depend on the gland that is affected. For example if is the lacrimal gland that is affected the patient can expect to have symptoms of dry eye and eye irritation due to a decrease in the tear production, this irritation can lead to abrasion on the cornea of the eye. If the salivary gland is affected then the patient will have complaints of dry mouth and swallowing difficulty. They may also develop gum disease and tooth decay. It may also lead to the development of stones or infection in the parotid gland. This disease may also affect the joints and blood vessels by causing inflammation. The inflammation of the blood vessels is called (vasculitis). Although this is a very serious complication of Sjogrens disease it is also very rare. Thyroiditis is another disease that is associated with Sjogrens disease. This can lead to thyroid hormone levels that are extremely elevated
This disease is diagnosed by the diagnosis of the symptoms. To test for dryness of the eyes they will perform a test called a Schirmer’s test. This is done by taking a small piece of paper and placing it under the eyelid to test the eyes ability to wet the paper. Problems with the salivary gland s are tested by using a technique called the salivary flow test. To follow up on this test they will perform a salivary gland biopsy. Unfortunately there is not a cure for Sjogrens disease. The only treatment for this disease is to treat the areas that have been affected. In the cases of dry eyes, eye drops are an effective treatment. Dry mouth can be treated by an increase in the patients’ fluid intake, using a humidifier to moisten the air, and have good dental hygiene to avoid problems with gum and tooth decay. When the nasal passage is dry a saline nasal spray is effective in relieving the discomfort of the dryness.
My information came from
http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=477&pf=3&page=1

1 comment:

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